An Essay on Me and My Work

Question: Write an essay on me and my work. Answer: According to the dictionary, an essay is an attempt or an effort to write on a particular subject (Gonzales-Estacio, 2008). Here I am trying to write an essay on me and my work. I will be sharing my experiences and elaborate my work and will bring up why I have taken this job. From childhood itself everyone wants to become something in life and I also fall in that list. Leaving behind being a doctor, engineer, I wanted work in some field where I can portray my administrative and technical skills. As many of you know that I am also pursuing my studies apart from working, I attend the night school for academic purpose (Nelson, 2011). It becomes difficult for me every day to attend the night after the office but I have to do because I want to pursue high in my life (Le, Donnellan and Conger, 2013). I have completed my secondary and higher secondary from the same school and now I am doing my bachelors degree from the night school (Ludtke, Trautwein and Husemann, 2009). I have seen many people trying to find or do a job while studying. It becomes a difficulty to concentrate on both work and studies but as I have learnt circumstances change people and make them do impossible things also. I have seen in a website that students who work long hours and also study have low grades in schools and colleges and also spent less time with their family. But I have consistently gained good marks in school and college (Baxter, 2005). I also give majority of my time to my family. I have seen my friends having lower grades due to work but I have promised myself not to face such thing and study hard to pursue great heights (Hadiyati, 2014). Currently, I am working here at the educational centre and migration which I got through a source of mine. As I am doing my bachelors in accounting and have initial knowledge with no prior work experience, my current job is related to this vertical. I work on both financial matters and other administrative related work. I mainly work on two sections i.e. bills and accounts. The maintenance and processing of the accounts are maintained in four parts which are maintenance, development, debts, deposits and advances and earmarked specific funds. I look after the fees that the students pay and accordingly give them the receipts. I also have to see the students who miss the fee dates or have made part payment of the fees. I maintain the account sheets. Some payments are made through adjustment bills and vouchers under the accounts head. I help in clearing the claims in bill forms under different types of transactions under earmarked specific funds, plan sections and maintenance. Apart from this I work on committees which include the academic boards, task groups and governing bodies. I also assist in the recruitment, alumni and public relations along with marketing activities. I provide administrative support to the students, tutors and lecturers. I also assist in liaising with other administrative staff, students and academic staffs. I also assist in liaising with other institutions, partner institutions, government departments, etc. I also help in facilitating and organizing a variety of educational or social activities. I focus mainly on the budgets and also ensure that the financial systems are adhered to. I look into work like purchasing equipments and goods as and when required and also in processing the invoices. I see that the high level of quality in work is maintained including the evaluation of course and approval procedures (Gornitzka and Larsen, 2004). As I am doing my bachelors in accounting it helps me relate to my work. What I learn in my classes, my job give me that hands on experience. The theories that I study I am able to give that practical orientation of the same. Many people wait to have experience in their field of study and then go for a full-time job, I am privileged to have a work while studying. Many companies do not give opportunity to the freshers as they have no prior work experience because they do not want to spend their financial resources in training people who are a fresher. I am gaining knowledge as well as work experience and I think I will not have any issues or problems regarding job hunt and may able to climb the corporate ladder. My academic experience can help in this job also. Currently I am assisting my seniors to all the work and trying to learn from them. Some years down the line I want to see myself in a position where I can be a part of the senior team and be present in the decision making proces s (Zucchermaglio and Alby, 2009). Administrative work is not a game, all institutions are based on this vertical and work cannot be done without it (Karlsson, 2009). I am very much thankful to my senior and my team leader who has very patiently taught me and still teaching me tactics and methods to do smart work so that I can learn very quick and deliver my work on time or before that. I also have an additional qualification and that is I posses a training in Citizenship and Immigration Service on the behalf of our government and so I can work in the immigration office (Administrative Sciences Editorial Office, 2014). I got this job because I am a critical thinker, speak well, have good reading ability, active listener, have social perceptions, take apt and quick judgments and decisions. I monitor any kind of work well and I am good in writing. I want to grow in an organization which helps me in my growth and where I can show my professional skills (Anzeh and Abed, 2015). I also hav e proficient computer training in query software and database user interface. Not to mention, I also have initial training of how to use handcuffs, radiation detectors, radiation portals, 2-way radios, x-ray equipments. My 9-week of job training has helped me learn more than what I could ever think of. Initially I thought that having a finance background may not be good enough to opt for this kind of job but later on after training I could relate to the real life experience. My current organization offers me a challenging and diverse career in a complex and high profile environment. It is committed to ensuring that my country gets the best services in immigration and protection and citizenship (Duncan, 2010). They focus on the taste and preferences of the clients and work over many locations in the country. I can relate my educational background to my current profile because it demands accuracy, innovation, efforts and diverse skills which I think I posses. These particular skills can help me in my current profile to climb up the corporate ladder in the same field. The more I study the more I get interested in my work. I do what I learn. Studying and working simultaneously is always looked down upon but if any person wants to make best out of it can do it by focusing on his or her career. The person should only focus on the pros and make best out of it. My organization helps me in enhancing my skills everyday on a regular basis. I have not only gained in financial background but have also gained in other fields. Leadership styles and motivational theories are some things which I have learnt from my team leader. These concepts help in developing the teams as a whole. I am privileged to learn these things from my team leader who has the interest of making his subordinates an expert in their respective fields. He encourages everyone to share ideas and concepts so that each and everybody can learn from one another. Relationship building is another thing that I have learnt from this organization. Being an administrative officer I have to be cooperative with every employee and relationship building is one vital aspect of cooperation. Through this I am able to exchange diverse ideas and improve myself every day (Nouri, Parker and Sumanta, 2005). My organization also helps in learning through exchanging ideas. They strive to create an environment for us that are motivating and rewarding for every employee. People from diverse backgrounds work here who are provided with an environment that have values and support them with their full potency (Pop-Vasileva, Baird and Blair, 2013). I am content with getting an experience before entering into the full fledged job world. I will be ahead of many candidates if I apply in any company (Gracia, 2010). But for now I am focusing on my current job for which I am fully committed. It is helping in two-way process. I am applying the concept that I study and what I do in office I am applying those as examples in my educational purpose rather exams (Sin, Reid and Jones, 2012). I want to pursue further in the same field with specialization in accounts so that I dont deviate from my initial work. I want to climb high in the same post as a senior executive and aspire to become a team leader first where I can teach my subordinates what I have learnt from my team leader. Now a days students are very keen for doing the jobs while they are already studying because doing both the work and the study at the same time they also can get the work experience which will help him in future. So in this aspect as I am doing the bachelor of accounting and also the work of the administrative manager I think that it is not going to help in the progress of the career of the administrative manager in the education and the migration office. If it requires doing the proper use of the degree of the bachelor of accounting then it requires following the some of the other lines of the accounting in which the degree of the accounting is going to create the great impact on the work like accounts manager etc. Because in the work of the accounts manager the degree of the bachelor in accounting is going to suit in a proper way and also going to help in both the knowledge of the work and also in the post of related to the accounting and finance. As I want to follow and also wants the future impacts of the post of the Administrative Manger there needs to do the some of the study which is based on the management courses like BBA, MBA and any of the PGDM course, etc (Pfeffer and DeVoe, 2012). As I think these courses are going to create the great impact on the post of the administrative manager because in this type of courses there is availability of the knowledge how to manage any of the post and also how to manage any of the offices or the organizations so that it can run in swift and comfortable way. By doing the BBA, MBA you also can add some values in the post of the administrative manager which will helps him to get the improvement or the up gradation in the post (Scott and Gemmell, 2012). Basically in the managerial role it requires having the strong skill of the leadership and also requires the expert knowledge of management of the things basis on the good communication skills, organizational behavior etc which helps him to manage and also get suited i n the organizational culture and also helps him in the work of the migration office because the communicational skills and the behavior according to the organization is the most important things which becomes helpful for the future impacts of the migration officer. The other experiences which will get helpful by doing the MBA is that you can gather much knowledge of building the team and also the relationship (Schriesheim, 2012). This knowledge will help in the migration office as basically in the migration office there are very much people from the different countries so there is the most requirements of the knowledge of building the relationship. But if it needs to relate the study of the bachelor of the accounting with the post of the Administrative Manager it requires evaluating the whole study of the bachelor of accountancy (Griffith, 2012). In the bachelor of the accounting it offers the study of the financial accounting, auditing, and taxation and also the management accounti ng (Stewart and Powell, 2004). By doing the bachelor degree in the accounting he can gather the basic knowledge of the work which is related to the work of the administrative because in the post of the administration it requires to have the whole knowledge of accounting, auditing, taxation of the organization in a proper way because in a managerial role there is the needs of the full appropriate knowledge of the every field which will help him to do the proper management of the organization. As in the whole knowledge of the accounting and on the basis of the different subjects of the accounting you get to know the proper idea of the auditing and also what to do and how to do the auditing as per the needs of the organization (StorytellingA Tool for Education, Leadership, and Team Building, 2012). In the taxation paper of the accounting it helps in the proper calculation of the taxes which will help in the calculation of the profit and the loss which is the main things of the organiza tion (Schriesheim, 2011). In the bachelor of accounting you also can get the idea of the economics, mathematics and the statistics. In the business mathematics you get the ideas of doing the calculations which is the basis of the organization. By analyzing the subject of the statistics it also plays the vital role in the profit of the organization because by doing the statistical analysis of the any things it gets the more accurate, cost effective analysis of the market (Ludwig and Frazier, 2012). The analysis of the statistics it also helps in the doing the best leadership which will give the unbiased outlook of the market and also helps in avoiding the building of the strategy on the basis of unconfirmed presuppositions. By getting the enough ideas of the statistics it gets easy to do the decision making which will help me to take the proper decision which will become suitable and fruitful for the purpose for which the whole analysis is going to be done (Benz, Larch and Zimmer, 20 14). In the economics part I also get the knowledge of many of the things which I think will also helps me in getting or making the proper ideas of some of the things which are related to the managerial role of the administration. This is the entire basic things which are actually available in the course of the MBA or any PGDM (Pfeffer and DeVoe, 2012). After doing the bachelor of accounting if you do some of the diploma courses on the management like PGDM it will get appropriate and also gets best suited to the post which will help him to get the best future way in the job on the basis of this degree (Baiocchi, 2012). As it is known that if there is the appropriate knowledge of courses then also there are the full requirements of the degree which will be helpful in the official purpose of the job. As MBA is better than the bachelor in the accounting because the after doing the MBA there is available of the most opportunities and also if it is needed I also can opt the job for any o f the better choice (Lazear, 2012). So by doing the analysis of the bachelor of the accounting and also how it impacts on the future aspects of the administrative manager of the education center and the migration center I get to know that by doing the bachelor of accounting is not going to directly help in this specific post to get the effective and the proper knowledge and also get adjusted it will gets helpful if I can also do MBA and if not MBA it requires some of the PGDM course through which I can get able to some of the ideas of the managerial roles and also how to work properly work in the organization and also how to work in the team which is the basic needs of the improvement in the organization (Briefing: Team building, 2001). And also the some of the things which I get to know about doing the proper analysis of both the bachelor of the accounting and also the other best possibility for doing that I needs to do the proper improvement in the communication skills, building the team and also the others main thin gs which will help me to do the proper improvement and also gets best suited to get some of the promotion and also the many other facility which will become available and also the many other things which will become of the strength of the future (Durlauf, 2012). By doing the proper analysis of getting the opportunities which will become available with the suggested course is that I also get some of the better increment in the promotion if I have any of the courses which will get more suited (Briefing: Team building, 2001).In analysis of the future impacts of the study I get to know that it becomes very possible to get the more future opportunities if I do either MBA or any of the PGDM (Ludwig and Frazier, 2012). According to me by analyzing either the MBA or PGDM, MBA is the best choice. I also need to improve the knowledge of some of the basic subjects which will become some of the basic requirements of maintaining the proper managerial role of the administration and also some of t he proper ideas of the statistics, behavior of the organization (Jahin, 2012). References Administrative Sciences Editorial Office, E. (2014). Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Administrative Sciences in 2013. Administrative Sciences, 4(1), pp.71-72. Anzeh, B. and Abed, S. (2015). The Extent of Accounting Ethics Education for Bachelor Students in Jordanian Universities. jmr, 7(2), p.121. Baiocchi, G. (2012). On dimensions of ecological economics. Ecological Economics, 75, pp.1-9. Baxter, J. (2005). Accountancy. Hampton, Middlesex [England]: Key Note Ltd. Benz, S., Larch, M. and Zimmer, M. (2014). Trade in ideas: outsourcing and knowledge spillovers. International Economics and Economic Policy. Briefing: Team building. (2001). BMJ, 323(7309), pp.3-3. Briefing: Team building. (2001). BMJ, 323(7309), pp.3-3. Duncan, F. (2010). Immigration and integration policy and the Austrian radical right in office: the FP/BZ, 20002006. Contemporary Politics, 16(4), pp.337-354. Durlauf, S. (2012). Complexity, economics, and public policy. Politics, Philosophy Economics, 11(1), pp.45-75. Gonzales-Estacio, M. (2008). How typical freshmen plan to write an essay. Far Eastern University English Language Journal, 2(0). Gornitzka, . and Larsen, I. (2004). Towards professionalisation? Restructuring of administrative work force in universities. Higher Education, 47(4), pp.455-471. Gracia, L. (2010). Accounting Students' Expectations and Transition Experiences of Supervised Work Experience. Accounting Education, 19(1-2), pp.51-64. Griffith, D. (2012). Spatial statistics: A quantitative geographers perspective. Spatial Statistics, 1, pp.3-15. Hadiyati, E. (2014). Service Quality and Performance of Public Sector: Study on Immigration Office in Indonesia. IJMS, 6(6). Jahin, J. (2012). The Effect of Peer Reviewing on Writing Apprehension and Essay Writing Ability of Prospective EFL Teachers. AJTE, 37(11). Karlsson, A. (2009). Occupational Identity in Administrative Service Work: The Aspect of Carefulness. Gender, Work Organization. Lazear, E. (2012). Leadership: A personnel economics approach. Labour Economics, 19(1), pp.92-101. Le, K., Donnellan, M. and Conger, R. (2013). Personality Development at Work: Workplace Conditions, Personality Changes, and the Corresponsive Principle. J Pers, 82(1), pp.44-56. Ludtke, O., Trautwein, U. and Husemann, N. (2009). Goal and Personality Trait Development in a Transitional Period: Assessing Change and Stability in Personality Development. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(4), pp.428-441. Ludwig, T. and Frazier, C. (2012). Employee Engagement and Organizational Behavior Management. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 32(1), pp.75-82. Nelson, K. (2011). Essay review. Developing self consciousness: A view from developmental philosophy of mind. Cognitive Development, 26(2), pp.172-176. Nouri, H., Parker, R. and Sumanta, S. (2005). Students' perceptions of work in public accounting and employment preferences. Accounting Education, 14(3), pp.293-311. Pfeffer, J. and DeVoe, S. (2012). The economic evaluation of time: Organizational causes and individual consequences. Research in Organizational Behavior, 32, pp.47-62. Pfeffer, J. and DeVoe, S. (2012). The economic evaluation of time: Organizational causes and individual consequences. Research in Organizational Behavior, 32, pp.47-62. Pop-Vasileva, A., Baird, K. and Blair, B. (2013). The Work-related Attitudes of Australian Accounting Academics. Accounting Education, 23(1), pp.1-21. Reed, G. (2012). Leading questions: Leadership, ethics, and administrative evil. Leadership, 8(2), pp.187-198. Schriesheim, C. (2011). The Leadership Quarterly, 2012 Yearly Review. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(6), p.1186. Schriesheim, C. (2012). The Leadership Quarterly Yearly Review for 2012: Methodological advances in leadership research. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(6), p.993. Scott, E. and Gemmell, J. (2012). Spatial statistics A watery business. Spatial Statistics, 1, pp.121-132. Sin, S., Reid, A. and Jones, A. (2012). An Exploration of Students' Conceptions of Accounting Work. Accounting Education, 21(4), pp.323-340. Stewart, B. and Powell, S. (2004). Team building and team working. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 10(1/2), pp.35-38. StorytellingA Tool for Education, Leadership, and Team Building. (2012). Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, 28(5), pp.255-256. Zucchermaglio, C. and Alby, F. (2009). Learning to work or working to learn? A universitywork transition case study. Learning Inquiry, 3(2), pp.79-95.

Treasure Island free essay sample

Hawkins is a young boy who lives at his parents’ inn, the Admiral Benbow, near Bristol, England, in the eighteenth century. An old sea captain named Billy Bones dies in the inn after being presented with a black spot, or official pirate verdict of guilt or judgment. Jim is stirred to action by the spot and its mysterious, accurate portent of Billy’s death. Hastily, Jim and his mother unlock Billy’s sea chest, finding a logbook and map inside. Hearing steps outside, they leave with the documents before Billy’s pursuers ransack the inn. Jim realizes that the contents he has snatched from the sea chest must be valuable, so he takes one of the documents he has found to some local acquaintances, Dr. Livesey and Squire Trelawney. Excited, they recognize it as a map for a huge treasure that the infamous pirate Captain Flint has buried on a distant island. We will write a custom essay sample on Treasure Island or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Trelawney immediately starts planning an expedition. Naive in his negotiations to outfit his ship, the Hispaniola, Trelawney is tricked into hiring one of Flint’s former mates, Long John Silver, and many of Flint’s crew. Only the captain, Smollett, is trustworthy. The ship sets sail for Treasure Island with nothing amiss, until Jim overhears Silver’s plans for mutiny. Jim tells the captain about Silver and the rest of the rebellious crew. Landing at the island, Captain Smollett devises a plan to get most of the mutineers off the ship, allowing them leisure time on shore. On a whim, Jim sneaks into the pirates’ boat and goes ashore with them. Frightened of the pirates, Jim runs off alone. From a hiding place, he witnesses Silver’s murder of a sailor who refuses to join the mutiny. Jim flees deeper into the heart of the island, where he encounters a half-crazed man named Ben Gunn. Ben had once served in Flint’s crew but was marooned on the island years earlier. Meanwhile, Smollett and his men have gone ashore and taken shelter in a stockade the pirates have built. Jim returns to the stockade, bringing Ben with him. Silver visits and attempts a negotiation with the captain, but the captain is wary and refuses to speak to him. The pirates attack the stockade the next day, and the captain is wounded. Eager to take action, Jim follows another whim and deserts his mates, sneaking off to hunt for Ben’s handmade boat hidden in the woods. After finding Ben’s boat, Jim sails out to the anchored ship with the intention of cutting it adrift, thereby depriving the pirates of a means of escape. He cuts the rope, but he realizes his small boat has drifted near the pirates’ camp and fears he will be discovered. By chance, the pirates do not spot Jim, and he floats around the island until he catches sight of the ship drifting wildly. Struggling aboard, he discovers that one of the watchmen, Israel Hands, has killed the other watchman in a drunken fit. Jim takes control of the ship, but Israel turns against him. Jim is wounded but kills Israel. Jim returns to the stockade but finds it occupied by the pirates. Silver takes Jim hostage, telling the boy that the captain has given the pirates the treasure map, provisions, and the use of the stockade in exchange for their lives. Jim realizes, however, that Silver is having trouble managing his men, who accuse him of treachery. Silver proposes to Jim that they help each other survive by pretending Jim is a hostage. However, the men present Silver with a black spot and inform him that he has been deposed as their commande In a desperate attempt to gain control of his crew, Silver shows them the treasure map to appease them. Silver leads Jim and the men to the treasure site, but they are shocked to find it already excavated and the treasure removed. The men are angered and near mutiny again. At that moment Dr. Livesey, Ben Gunn, and the others fire on the pirate band, which scatters throughout the island. Jim and Silver flee, and are guided by the others to Ben’s cave, where Ben has hidden the treasure, which he had discovered months before. After spending three days carrying the loot to the ship, the men prepare to set sail for home. There is a debate about the fate of the remaining mutineers. Despite the pirates’ submissive pleas, they are left marooned on the island. Silver is allowed to join the voyage, but he sneaks off the ship one night with a portion of the treasure and is never heard from again. The voyage home comes to a close. Eventually, Captain Smollet retires from the sea, and Ben becomes a lodge-keeper.

Opinion on mosh video essays

Opinion on mosh video essays The Eminem video Mosh is a really strong and positive video for the people of the U.S. When you see this video you can see that Eminem talks the truth about president Bush, and all the bad things he has done as a president. The thing I like most about the video is that Eminem tells everyone that if they all get together and vote then their voice will get heard and things may change for the better. I think that Eminem did a very good job in this video to tell people a bit about the president we have now. He tells one bad thing the president did , which was going to war just for oil. These can make people change their mind and think about looking for a better candidate. Even tough he said this people still voted for Bush. Although Eminem has a big voice there will always be people that would judge hin as revel and someone that hates Bush, but if you think about it then you can see that he is just trying to show the people what kind of president he is. The only thing I didnt like about the video was the date it was release, because it was release the same day as the election day. If it would have been release before election daythen there would probably have been another president and Bush wouldnt have bombed the holy land like he did on his first day as reelected president. I think that Bush knew that if the video was release before elections then he would probably not have been elected. I think that if there would be more people that raise their voice as Eminem did then maybe this nation would be different. ...

The Sengoku Period in Japanese History

The Sengoku Period in Japanese History The Sengoku was a century-long period of political upheaval and warlordism in Japan, lasting from the Onin War of 1467–77 through the reunification of the country around 1598. It was a lawless era of civil war, in which the feudal lords of Japan fought one another in endless plays for land and power. Although the political entities that were fighting were actually just domains, the Sengoku is sometimes referred to as Japans Warring States Period. Pronunciation:  sen-GOH-kooAlso known  as:  sengoku-jidai, Warring States Period The Onin War The Onin War that initiated the Sengoku was fought over a disputed succession in the Ashikaga Shogunate; in the end, nobody won. For the next century and a half, local daimyo or warlords vied for control over the different regions of Japan. Unification Japans Three Unifiers brought the Sengoku Era to an end. First, Oda Nobunaga (1534–1582) conquered many other warlords, beginning the process of unification through military brilliance and sheer ruthlessness. His general Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536–598) continued the pacification after Nobunaga was killed, using a somewhat more diplomatic but equally pitiless set of tactics. Finally, yet another Oda general named Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542–1616) defeated all opposition in 1601 and established the stable Tokugawa Shogunate, which ruled until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. Although the Sengoku Period ended with the rise of the Tokugawa, it continues to color the imaginations and the popular culture of Japan to this day. Characters and themes from the Sengoku are evident in manga and anime, keeping this era alive in the memories of modern-day Japanese people.

What Is the Meaning of Business Organization Assignment

What Is the Meaning of Business Organization - Assignment Example In this type of organization, it is not easy to manipulate directly and decision are made through political processes, the development of an informal organization is based on the day to day interactions and they change when people find new easier and time-saving ways of doing things. (Dickson 1939) The informal organization has an advantage over the formal sector in that it is flexible and will respond quickly to changing circumstances, this type of organization encourage cooperation through the existing norms and obligations. (Dore 1983). We can, therefore, differentiate the formal and informal organization by the way rules are set, the existence of a written document containing the rules, their flexibility to change and the execution of the rules. In the informal organization, there are high levels of human interactions and communication is based on informal relationships within the organization, this is in contrast with the formal organization where communication is formal. Another difference between the two is that hierarchy in the informal organization is not observed whereas in the formal the hierarchy of offices has to be observed. The formal sector has the advantage that the rules are set by those with authority and these rules are executed with minimum opposition, they also have the responsibility of making decisions in the organization. In the informal sector, rules are made from the day to day interactions and this influences their flexibility, this organizations will change quickly in case of any chants organization tons and if they find new ways of doing things. Decisions are made through a political process and therefore this organization has a very low risk of making wrong decisions that would lead to great losses.

Innovativeness according to company size Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Innovativeness according to company size - Essay Example panies, all employees contribute, which ensures that there are no freeloaders and slackers, which can be combined with rewards for the best innovators. In small companies, it is also easier to identify, utilize, and nourish innovative talent. Since it easier to recognize creative talent at smaller companies, it is easier to motivate them. Finally, small company founders are more accessible and can talk constantly about objectives of innovation, which helps them hammer home the message (Leifer, 2009). Big companies also have advantages when it comes to innovation. First, creation of new categories of products is the best way to achieve total control of innovations and, as such, only the big companies like Google and Apple have the capital to do so (Leifer, 2009). Secondly, big companies are able to do better in the international market place where innovation has now shifted. Larger companies also possess the scale for them to deal with big problems such as the environment, healthcare, and education where a lot of innovation is taking place. These big companies also possess the resources to attract and retain the best talent. In addition, some of the big companies presently had grown from small companies at a ferocious pace and remembered their roots. Finally, these companies have learnt to be more nimble and porous (Leifer, 2009). Current trends in America and Western Europe have seen legislation of new patent laws that mark a fundamental change in patent protection to first-to-file rules and away from first-to-file (Cohen & Merill, 2011). This shift favors the bigger companies that possess resources for broad research and increased capabilities. These companies can file patents faster compared to smaller companies without funds, and thus, no way to protect their inventions. Most small entrepreneurs initially did not take filing of patents, as a priority and especially not before fundraising since they knew that they had an invention and had a way of proving it.

Co-branding Curtin University Miri

Co-branding Curtin University Miri Executive Summary The followings aim to allow the reader to have an understanding of co-branding. Certain real life business example is used to illustrate of the relevant theories that has been extract from research journal. Many other relevant articles are also being used for discussion to make the subject matters as current as possible with the objective to stay valid as in point of reading. Inside this paper, co-branding was explained as to why it has been applied as a strategy to explore new market and growth by businesses. Types of example in co-branding that exist and practise in the market. In addition, all the marketing-mix tools are discussed as to how it can impacts the co-branding process. The benefits and disadvantages are also being put forward for discussion with a recommendation to use co-branding as a business strategy. Introduction In today complex business world, whereby competitions are fierce especially for the fast moving consumer goods industry (Helmig, Huber and Leeflang 2008, 359), marketers tried to use any tools they has in order to open a path for additional opportunities for new customers and trade channel to generate greater sales from their existing target market. Co-branding is one of the marketing strategies that used by marketers to create opportunities in achieving business growth in the market. Some may have wonder, what is co-branding? Co-branding is either two or more renowned brands that combined to form an alliance to work together and creating marketing synergy (Kotler, Keller and Burton 2009, 361). In simple term, it means that two brands comes together to create a single, unique product. This pairing can be in a marketing context such as in advertisements, products, product placements and distribution outlets (Grossman 1997, 191). Such marketing synergy can potentially expands the customer base, to increases profitability, responds to the expressed and latent needs of customers through production lines, strengthens competitive position through a bigger market share, enhances product introductions through enhancing the brand image, creates new customer-perceived value and yields operational benefits through reduced cost as stated by Chang (2009, 77) of a notes identified by Gaurav Doshi 2007 article. Co-branding An example of successful co-branding is the McDonald ice cream with MMs candies and also Kraft Oreo cookies which resulted to the creation of MMs Mcflurry and Oreo Mcflurry ice cream products. The success of both MMs and Oreo Mcflurry ice cream is an example of utilizing two or more brand names to introduce a new product with competitive advantages. Chang (2008, 220) state that the purpose is to capitalize on the reputation of the partner brands in an attempt to achieve immediate recognition by the consumers. Airasia, the low budget airline of Malaysia has done very well in the online booking for air travelling, had form an alliance with Citibank to introduce their unique Airasia Citibank credit card (Citibank and Airasia tie the knot! 2007). In this example of joint-venture of co-branding, both Airasia and Citibank have their own separate brand equity, and both also earned brand awareness and positive brand image. Their alliance for success comes from a logical fit between two brands, thus their marketing activity maximises the advantages of each other while minimising their disadvantages as mentioned by Kotler, Keller and Burton (2009, 361). The research done by Park, Jun and Shocker (1996, 464) shows that consumers are more likely to accept the co-branding product when two brands are complementary rather than similar. Their alliance is a perfect match as both Airasia and Citibank which can tap on each other customer base to increase their business activity and on top with increase in p rofits. Further to another type of co-branding is known as same company co-branding. This is an example of Nestle Company in Malaysia when they develop Nestle ice cream using their well known chocolate brand like Kit Kat and Smarties to penetrate into the ice cream market (Nestle in your life: ice cream n.d.). Thus, with immediate brand awareness among their loyalty customers, Nestle are optimising their chances of success of a new launch product. The list does not stop here as there are other types of co-branding, which is multiple-sponsor co-branding, such as Taligent, a one-time technological alliance of Apple, IBM and Motorola (Kotler, Keller and Burton 2009, 361). There is also retail co-branding, example like Pizza Hut and KFC in Malaysia, where two retail businesses use the same location as a method to maximise both space and profits. Moreover, ingredient co-branding is another type of co-branding; a successful example of this is Intel whereby the ingredient branding was so strong that the consumers insist of buying Personal Computer with Intel Inside. Thus, it gives great impacts towards major manufacturer such as Dell and Compaq to adopt Intel chips for their finishing products (Kotler, Keller and Burton 2009, 362). The benefits of Co-branding It is common for all businesses face towards the challenges of financial risks when introducing new brand to consumer market (Aaker and Keller 1990, 27). In addition, a product or services life cycle is getting shorter each day as the advancement in technology has makes it easier to copy among brand in the same industry. It is because of these, the risks inherent in establishing new brands are high, with a failure rate ranging from 80 to 90 percent as mentioned by Leuthesser, Kohli and Suri (2002, 35). So, in this instant co-branding make sense as it can increase brand distinctiveness by capitalizing on the values embedded in cooperating brands. Through the arrangement of co-branding, businesses are able to do brand-leveraging which capitalize on existing brand equity rather than building new brand equity as noted by Dickinson and Heath (2008, 22).Take Airasia Citibank credits card for example, the benefits of being the card owner automatically becomes an elite traveller to enjoy spe cial fares and holiday packages not available elsewhere. By merging values and identities of brands originally engaged in different industries, now both are able to gain consumer choices, loyalty and consequently lead the brand to uniqueness and distinctive as compare to their competitors. From this example it has deliver the aim to increase the distinctiveness of the co-branding product and also gain customer loyalty by providing them with the alliance benefits. Thus, it also achieves its set objective of co-branding that is to expanding customer base, creating a new customer perceived value and most importantly to strengthen its competitive position in the market. As market condition change rapidly, it is not easy for a product to have a safe sailing to success as there is full of choices and is keep on increasing for the consumers to choose. Brands research also found that a single brand may not be able to meet the demands of variable individual needs such as custom design with added value (Djurovic 2009). By using extension co-branding to enhance the products will able to meet those individual needs. For example Bacardi and Coca Cola or Bacardi and Sprite, to have co-branded Bacardi Mixers range to show and suggest alternative ways to consume the two brands. By this arrangement, both brands will gain financial benefits, to have introduced a new product range with a strong image and also respond to the expressed and latent needs of the customers. The other benefits of co-branding is that the product has it uniqueness and distinctive characteristic, thereby induce more sales and also reducing cost of product introduction as noted by Desai and Keller (2002). Interestingly, co-branding is able to work more efficient and effectively communicating through to the consumers as the two brands awareness is high (Aaker 2003, 84). Marketing tools for Co-branding Indeed co-branding activity has increase over the past decade as Spethmann and Benezra (1994) noted that the number of corporate alliances worldwide, including co-branding ventures is continuing to grow at 40% rate each year, involving billions of dollars in assets. Such an increase in co-branding activity may project itself to be a popular strategy as mentioned by Hilton (2007). In addition he asked is it also a smart one? and he answered it with a qualified yes if it is executed well. In order to execute well, we need to discuss any of the relevant seven Ps in marketing mix tools. The seven Ps mentioned which is Product, Price, Promotion, Placement, Physical evidence, Process and People. Marketers use these tools to make marketing-mix decisions for influencing their trade channels right to their end users. In practise, companies seek growth through innovation of new products by their research and development team and co-branding strategy can develop this new product to success by provide perception of quality and image as it capitalizes on the unique strengths of each contributing brand (Chang 2008, 498). For easy focusing onto one industry, we use the fast moving consumer goods as our point of discussions Generally for a co-branding to success, the potential partner has to be large and have strong distribution channel or customer base with positive market image. As mentioned, the market environment change rapidly and the speed to market is one of the key success factor to a co-brand product or services. The aim is to establish a strong foothold before the onslaught by competitors. With wide distribution coverage or customer base will enable this task to be accomplish on the set target. In order for the execution of the co-branding to have a speedy reach out to the market, marketer must look into trade promotion and advertising campaign to assist in numerous ways. The joint sales promotion and advertising campaign is to stimulate interest and inquiries in the market among their loyalty customer and the trade promotion activity should focus on communicating the benefits and value-added the co-branding can provide to the consumer. When these two brands form an alliance for joint promotion on their co-branding product or services, the objectives is for those two brands to provides greater assurance about the quality standard than those of a single branded product from the perspective point of view as noted by Rao, Lu and Ruekert (1999, 259). Thus, from this positive point of view by the consumers it lead to higher product evaluations and this will allow the co-branding product or services to command a premium prices (Helmig, Huber and Leeflang 2008, 360). To illustrate our point we take the Nestle and LOreal as example. Nestle and LOreal recently announced their pairing. One may have asked what common value does these two have. Nestle is the world leading nutrition food producer and the company mission is to produce healthy food to feed the world but not restricted to inside but also our outer body, which is our skin. Indeed, LOreal comes in as a perfect match as the brand is the global leader in skin care. Their pairing is seen to be an unorthodox brand alliance as noted by Lindstorm (2003) but it has those values that the customers can relied and be convincing of their brand alliance commitment. In this instance, the uniqueness and distinctive of the co-branding product has a high evaluation by the customer as indicating of higher chance of success sales and also better command of price point. Although physical evidence is most commonly being used to evaluate for the service industry such as restaurant and hotel (Physical Evidence the lifeline for service companies 2006), we can also make it to be a relevant point to discuss for fast moving consumer goods as in its packaging as physical evidence. The packaging has to be attractive and user friendly. An example of user friendly packing is the pull up cap for canned foods as it allows the buyer to easily open and consume it. As nowadays consumer are also concern of environmental issues, they are also choosing for product packaging that can be recycle after consuming their contents. This physical evidence can also take form as in a warranty or guarantee. Take Duracell for example that has guarantee against defects in materials and workmanship due to a battery defect (Duracell Guarantee n.d). Here the physical evidence is clear and has communicate to the user that Duracell will repair or replace it. These are deems to be an im portant physical evidence a co-branding product can emulate to makes it unique and distinctive. The other Ps of the marketing mix is the process. In marketing mix, the process is an element of service that sees the customer experiencing an organizations offering as mostly in the service industry. As for fast moving consumer goods, the process that the co-brand product wishes the customer to experience is hassle free to access to the product. In short, the availability of the product is sufficient in every retails store and in arm reach location. One such example is the Wrigley Company in which their sales strategy is to focus on the process of the potential consumers reach for their chewing gums product. The result, Wrigley chewing gums was distributed to any corner of the world and to display it at arm reach location in order for the customer to have pleasant experience when reaching for their products. Wrigley understand it well that it continue to focus on recognizes the uniqueness of each one of their consumers and efforts are made to reaching them and in return of hopes th eir potential customer will get to know more of their products and purchase them. The last Ps is the people. Peoples are very important in co-branding. What makes co-branding products a success besides its uniqueness, distinctive and value added to attract the consumers is its people that work behind and in front. A consumer who comes into contact with the co-brand product will make an impression, and they can have a profound effect, either positive or negative and that is on customer satisfaction. The reputation of co-brand product rests in the peoples hands so they must be therefore trained, well motivated and have the right attitude. They must have high level of commitment, competence and complete understanding of their products. The attitude to believe that their co-brand product is unique and will bring them more sales and profits thus, it cans moves them to self motivate to service their customer to satisfaction. The disadvantages for Co-branding By now, the above presented, should be able to give the philosophy behind co-branding and that is to increase both market share and revenue as well as gaining competitive advantages through customer awareness by providing them with a co-branding product that is distinctive and unique. Although co-branding looks rewarding and it does sounds like a perfect strategy to seek growth and by understanding the benefits of co-branding and reviewing the marketing tools to assist it to success alone is not enough. Co-branding does not come without risks, as one have to aware that only one in five attempts of a brand mergers succeed as mentioned by an article by Knudsen et al. (1997, 189). In many ways, brands can be explained like people, they their own values and direction. In real world is difficult for married couples to reconcile their differences and commit to stay to each other forever as noted by Lindstorm (2002) and that half of the worlds marriages ending with a divorce so as co-brandi ng partnership. The risk of co-branding is pairing with a partner that can tarnish the existing products strong brand equity, as the two alliance brands has become connected together in the consumers mind as mentioned by Ueltschy and Laroche (2004, 93). The pitfall here is that when consumers attribute any negative experience due to the fault or negligence of any one party of the alliance, the overall brand equity could be damage and poses threat to co-branding and resulting the other brand being perceive as weak (Kocherp 2009). Thus, when it lead to a negative evaluation by the consumers and is likely also to cause damaging to the co-branding privilege of price command in the market as it used to enjoy over their competitors. The other scenario that a co-branding may fail is when the two products have different market and are entirely different such as no complimentary effects. If there is difference in visions and missions of the two alliance companies, then the co-branding may also fail costly. To take an example of a failure co-branding is the case of American Airlines and America Online. They ambitiously launched a joint consumer-loyalty program in 1999 in search of brand synergy. As the program never met any of the co-branding expectations, they separate their alliance and some analysts say that their failure was due to the co-brand product and never really did anything interesting with it and didnt seem to commit to it as noted by Buss (Brandchannel n.d.). Perhaps their co-branding failure is due to the absence of a clearly defined strategy. When this physical evidence happens, the people as mentioned in the marketing-mix, also has an impact onto them. Failure of alliance means the loss of their cre dibility and capabilities to be able to create a market synergy branding product. The process the customer experience is unpleasant as we used American Airlines as example, to illustrate our point. Imagine all the loyalty program as promise to their loyal customers has either end up empty handed or being compensated by other means in which may not be up to the expectation of their customers. This will surely cost the image of the parent company. Co-branding may result into creation of new ideas for products or services, which leads to the entrance of new competitors who combine the features of both brands into one (Kocherp 2009). Such case was the example of IBM and Microsoft partnership to develop DOS operating system for its personal computers in which it lead to a series of sequence events that eventually creates Microsoft as dominance as we know it today (Leuthesser, Kohli and Suri 2002, 42). So, the potential partner for co-branding arrangement should be place under screening and be analyse to what extent it can be spawn to be the next competitor. As always we have to bear in mind that, every coins has two side and after being able to present the above disadvantages, we also must not forget the benefits of a co-branding has to offer as mentioned earlier for marketers to adopt as a strategy to seek growth for businesses. It is always practical to apply a S.W.O.T analysis as in Strengths, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat to review the co-branding proposal. The S.W.O.T analysis is a useful tool to provide an insight to the potential co-branding proposal of their strength versus their weaknesses within the brand and company of alliance. It also provides to review of what was the opportunities can be created through the partnership versus the threat and challenges facing towards. Co-branding as marketing strategy Before drawing any decision to adopt co-branding strategy to gain market advancement, lets review some important co-branding points that have been mentioned earlier. The alliances can provide an equal benefit for both entities, the values of both brands can complement each other and the brand relationship can creates value added to the customers. According to Leuthesser, Kohli and Suri (2002, 41), which defines four co-branding strategies which is, reaching in, reaching out, reaching up and reaching beyond. By reaching in, the strategy is to achieve greater market penetration by alliance itself to other brands that can complement what the existing brand shortfall when introducing over line extension. Such arrangement was the example of McDonald MMs Mcflurry ice-cream in which McDonald capitalize on MMs strong brand awareness to reach in for greater market penetration. Mcdonald by focus on products has actually utilised one of the marketing-mix tools to reach in for greater market penetration. In reaching out, the strategy is to tap onto new market horizon and to achieve this objective is to co-branding with an alliance that give complementary effects and such example was shown in the arrangement of Airasia and Citibank credit card. Their alliance has enabled each of the partner company to reach out to tap into different industries. Thus, it increases the distribution channel of its business as what marketing-mix tools call it placement, which is product or services reach out to customer through difference networks. Reaching up is a strategy to achieve market advancement by alliances with partners that can elevates positive brand image. The Oral-B brand is such a good example to illustrate this strategy. In the Malaysian consumers market before Oral-B, whereby Colgate is the eminent household name among the majority of Malaysian consumers and of cause needless to say, Colgate was dominating in the retail outlets as well and where Oral-B brand was unknown to the local Malaysian. Then Oral-B start to strategy for the past decade by getting the endorsement from the dentist association of Malaysia to raise its brand image among Malaysian dental care user and as a result of the prominent co-branding and today the Oral-B branding has been strong in the mind of the consumer. In order to achieve total cavities free, Oral-B dental care product range is now the Malsysian first choice upon purchasing. As highlighted by Ueltschy and Laroche (2004, 93), when the two alliance has become connected together in the consumers mind, the result is a strong brand equity been build. The successful of reaching up, to elevates the brand image has enable Oral-B to have better command onto their product pricing thus it makes more profitable business than the rest of its competitors. This is a case of using the marketing-mix tools of price. When a brand has a better command of price it generates not only handsome profit while also generating a substantial amount of advertising and promotional activity fund to create sales opportunity whenever there is a necessary. It is shown that Oral-B has demonstrate how to utilise the price tool very well in order to be price competitive and with profit where many others has failed upon utilising it. In reaching beyond, the strategy involves alliance with a co-branding partner that can elevate strong image and gaining access to new customer. The objective of this strategy is to reach up and reach out. The Airasia and Citibank credit card is also showing an example of this strategy. Airasia by co-branding with Citibank is said to be reaching beyond as it can tap onto the huge customer base of the bank while Citibank is also said to have reaching beyond when co-branding with Airasia by tapping onto the growing customer base as the airline is expanding rapidly to more than 18 countries mainly in Asia. As Airasia continue to grow, so will Citibank as they both are complementary each other in every sense of their business. Conclusion All the above materials is to gives an overall understanding of a co-branding whereby it is one of the marketing strategy often time utilise by marketers to seek growth in a saturated market environment. By accessing to the marketing-mix tools and its function, marketers who intelligently applying it can accelerates their co-branding business to new heights while others that has already in the forefront can also creates new heights as the benefits of co-branding as presented is encouraging for one to consider to venture into it. However, when applying co-branding as the strategy, it is advice to use a S.W.O.T. analyse to screen for the weakness and threat it possess and whether the overall alliances is worthwhile the risk that is at stake that can influence the parent brand. In general through research as discussed above, co-branding will success when there is a logical fit with the alliances. It is thereby the possibility for a co-brand to build into a successful trademark is high as long as it executed well as noted by Hilton (2007). References Aaker, D. The Power of the branded differenciator. MIT Sloan Management Review 45 (1): 84. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 19, 2010). Aaker, D. A., and K. L. Keller. 1990. Consumer Evaluations of Brand Extensions. Journal of Marketing 54 (1): 27. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 18, 2010). Chang, W. L. 2008. A Typology of Co-branding Strategy: Position and Classification. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge 12 (2): 220. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 20, 2010). Chang, W. L. 2008. OnCob: An ontology-based knowledge system for supporting position and classification of co-branding strategy. Knowledge-Based Systems 21 (6): 498. http://www.sciencedirect.com (accessed February 22, 2010). Chang, W. L. 2009. Roadmap of Co-branding Positions and Strategies. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge 15 (1): 77-84. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 20, 2010). Citibank and Airasia tie the knot! 2007. http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache: ww683c27D0IJ:www.airasia.com/site/my/EN/pressRelease.jsp%3Fid%3Db94cffbb-ac1e00ae-1c199190-cf8b2e60+airasia+and+citibank+in+co+branding+in+Malaysia hl=engl=mystrip=1 (accessed March 12, 2010). Desai, K. K., and K. L. Keller. 2002. The Effects of Ingredient Branding Strategies on Host Brand Extendibility. Journal of Marketing 66 (1): 73. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 19, 2010). Dickinson, S. J., and T. Heath. 2008. Cooperative Brand Alliances: How to Generate Positive Evaluations. Australasian Marketing Journal 16 (2): 22. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 18, 2010). Djurovic, V. 2009. Co-branding, a 1+1>2 formula. http://www.articlesbase.com/marketing- articles/cobranding-a-112-formula-881542.html (accessed March 1, 2010). Duracell guarantee. n.d. http://www.duracell.com.au/pages/company-information-duracell- guarantee.asp (accessed March 9, 2010). Buss, D. n.d. Happily ever after? http://www.brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp? pf_id=151 (accessed March 8, 2010). Grossman, R. P. 1997. Co-branding in advertising: developing effective associations. The Journal of Product and Brand Management 6 (3): 191. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 18, 2010). Helmig, B., J. A. Huber, and P. S. H. Leeflang. 2008. Co-branding: The State of The Art. Schmalenbach Business Review 60 (4): 359-377. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed March 3, 2010). Hilton, J. 2007. The Marketing Evolution of Ingredient Co-branding. http://www.nutrasolutions.com/Articles/Feature_Article/BNP_GUID_9-5-2006_A_ 10000000000000118679 (accessed March 2, 2010). Knudsen, T. R., L. Finskud, R. Tornblom and E. Hogna. 1997. Brand consolidation makes a lot of economic sense. The McKinsey Quarterly 4: 189. http://www.questia.com/ googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=LpwDkkZsQj4TM5l6qyJ2Fh11v14JMfHk11MXPnp6dGycyfYFMV7j!226308462!-2102291406?docId=5001525308 (accessed March 3, 2010). Kocherp. 2009. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Co-Branding. http://www.brighthub. com/office/entrepreneurs/articles/46418.aspx?p=2 (accessed March 3, 2010). Kotlet, P., K. L. Keller, and S. Burton. 2009. Marketing Management. Australia: Pearson Education Australia. Leuthesser, L., C. Kohli, and R. Suri. 2002. 2 + 2 = 5? A framework for using co-branding to leverage a brand. Brand Management 11 (1): 35-47. www.marketingritson.com/ documents/week4cobranding.pdf (accessed March 3, 2010). Lindstorm, M. 2002. Brand + Brand = Success, Part 2: Brand Marriage Failure. http://www.clickz.com/988901 (accessed March 8, 2010). Lindstorm, M. 2003. Unorthodox Brand Alliance. http://www.clickz.com/3099131 (accessed March 8, 2010). Nestle in your life: ice cream. n.d. http://www.nestle.com.my/Nestle+In+Your+Life/Our+ Brands/Ice+Cream/ (accessed March 3, 2010). Park, C. W., S. Y. Jun, and A. D. Shocker. 1996. Composite Branding Alliances: An Investigation of Extension and Feedback Effect. Journal of Marketing Research 13 (4): 464. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 21, 2010). Physical Evidence the lifeline for service companies. 2006. http://sevenpsofservicemarketing. blogspot.com/2006/04/physical-evidence-lifeline_114569507522538712.html (accessed March 10, 2010). Rao, A. R., Q. Lu, and R. W. Ruekert. 1999. Signaling Unobservable Product Quality Through a Brand Ally. Journal of Marketing Research 36 (2): 259. http://www.csom. umn.edu (accessed March 5, 2010). Spethmann, B., and K. Benezra. 1994. Sometimes one and one add up to more than two. Ask ConAgra and Kellogg, Nabisco and Subway, or Ocean Spray and Pepsi. http://www.brandweek.com/bw/esearch/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=544878 (accessed March 1, 2010). Ueltschy, L.C., and M. Laroche. (2004). Co-brand internationally: Everyone wins? Journal of Applied Business Research 20 (3): 93. www.cluteinstitute-onlinejournals.com (accessed March 10, 2010).